Coating refrigerator and candy support therefor



NW 2a w23 fff P. E. DUDLEY ET AL COATING REFRIGERATOR AND CANDY SUPPORT 'lHEREFOR Filed July l2 1921 the art of candy manufacture, more'particu- Patented Nov. 20, 1923.

PATENT orales.

PHILIP E. DUDLEY, F WILMINGTON, DELAWARE, AND HARRY BOICE, OF NEWBUBGH,

`NEW YORK, ASSIGNORS TO E. I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS & TON, DELAWARE, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

COMPANY, OF WILMING- COATING REFB/IGERATOR AND CANDY SUPPORT THEREFOB.

Application led July 12, 1921. Serial No, 484,099.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that we, PHILIP E. DUoLEY and HARRY Boron, citizens of the United States, respectively, and residents of Wilmingtomcounty of New Castle, and State of Delaware, and Newburgh county of Orange, and State of New Xork, respectively, have invented a certain new and useful Coating Refrigerator and Candy Sup-v port Therefor, of which the following is a specification.

This invention is. generally speaking, in

larly in the coating branch thereof. It. relates to a coating refrigerator for use in the candy making apparatus and, in detaiL'to the biscuit support or conveyor of such re-v frigerator, which conveyor carries the candy,

. already coated and to be chilled in the refrigerator to tix the coating on the biscuit.

In the making of coated candies the individual candy biscuits are, of course, first made and then the are coated, for example with chocolate. n applying the coating, warm melted chocolate is sprayed onto the biscuit, both bottom and top, in any desired manner, the top coating being carried on, tor'example, in an enrober, and the bottom spraying being done previously. The 'coated biscuits are delivered from the enrober fully coated, but with the coating still sott so that it must be cooled to fix it on the biscuit. A

|The trade requires that the bottom coating of the candies be smooth and shiny and it is one of the problems of the candy maker to produce candies' whose appearance shall meet these requirements, ln practice the desired bottom mustbe produced during the cooling of the coating.

We have provided a coating refrigerator which in cooling the candies gives them the desired finish, and 'have also provided a candy su port for carrying the candies through t e refrigerating or cooling space and having a surface such lthat they will have the desired bottoms when cold. Fur

thermore, the present support islong-wear' ing, relatively inexpensive both with respect to original cost and time-loss lfor replacements and repairs, and is readily and easily cleaned without danger of disrupting,

or injuring the surface of, the same.

Vin the various matters hereinafter described and claimed.

Without restrictinff our invention thereto we describe it by reilerence to the structure embodying it illustrated in the accompanying? drawings. In these drawings igure 1 is a conventional, simplified, and somewhat diagrammatic. side elevational view oi a portion of a candy-coating assembly embodying our invention:

Figure 2 is a somewhat `conventional sectional view taken cr0ss-wise of the rounding or guide bar and longitudinally oi the belts, the relative prpportions being not strictly adhered to, the better to illustrate the structure, and 1 Figure 3 is a conventional exaggerated cross-sectional view of the {coated-biscuit support, or candy conveyor belt, with the various strata legended.

To aid in the undeistanding of our invention We shall first describe the illustrated assembly in a general way; and then we shall more fully discuss certain features' thereof, thus explaining our invention in detail Referring now to the illustrated structure, and more particularly to Figure 1, the assembly comprises: an enrober l with its wire screen conveyor 2, for the candies C, carried over the roller 3; the refrigerator 4 with4 its major conveyor belt 5 and its candy-supporting conveyor 6, constructed in accordance with the present invention and travelling with the belt 5 (in Figure l to avoid complication no attempt is made to separately indicate both conveyors along the lengths where they are in contact) and the receiver 7 for imperfect candies and surplus choco- A rection of the arrows to carry the candies from left to right, as the parts are shown in Figure 1. The refrigerator 4 comprises a substantially closed casing, except of course for an entrance and an exit for the belts, in which is a perforated supporting plate 8 for the belts and a number of air supply ducts 9 from which cold air is directed upon the candies from above and is passed around each side of the belts and plate, (these being of coursesomewhat narrower than the casing) and up' through the y. plate to cool the bottoms of the candies, as respectively indicated by the arrows a and b. The details of the internal arrangements of the refrigerator are not primarily related to 'the present invention and, therefore, no attempt to illustrate them is made. .The belts 5 and 6 travel together around rollers such as 10, 11 and 12; but at the cross bar 13 the two belts separate, the main belt 5 departing fromthe biscuit support 6 at the roller 12 and rejoiningthe support at the roller 14 carried in the bar 13 (Figure 2) and the biscuitsupport bending around the nose 13a of the bar. The purpose of this is to enable Ithe support 6 to be brought very close to (but spaced from) the belt 2 to readily receive even small candies therefrom. In returning to the bar 13 from the roller 10 the belts are passed through a guide trough 15 Where surplus chocolate yet on the biscuit support is deposited. ,The conveyors 5 and 6 are driven in any suitable way, for example by the driving belt 16 actuating the roller 10. The operation of the structure is briey as follows :-The candies emerge from the enrober 1 fully coated with Warm soft chocolate, are delivered to the support 6 and while resting on the surface thereof are cooled by being passed through the refrigerator 4, and, on issuing from the latter the perfect candies are removed. lby the.

machine tender, from the support along the length thereof between the refrigeratorI proper and the roller l0, the imperfect candies discharging from the support 6 into the receptacle 7 as the turn about the roller V1.0 j,

is made. ,l

As noted above, it is while the candies are being cooled that thesmooth and shiny bottoms are to -be produced, that is, 'it is While the candies are being carried by the belt 5, and, according to the present invent-ion, While they rare resting immediately on the candy support 6, of the character now to be described in detail. -Not 'only should this support have a surface that Wi`;l give the smooth and shiny bottom called for, but furthermore, it must be able to make the abrupt turn about the nose 13a of the bar 13, be long-wearing, be readily cleaned and be relatively inex ensive.

According to t e presen-t invention the refrigerator has a candy support 6 of comor support of thin, open-Weave, and relatively coarse, textile fabric, a layer of of smooth-surface paper, and a relatively thin layer or surface coating of pyroxylin, the fabric and paper being firmly united by a cementing agent and the pyroxylin being firmly anchored to the paper. To give flexibilit a suitable softener is desirably used in t e coating.

With a Support or conveyor of this character, the textile fabric contributes materially to that tensile strength Which is made necessary by the fact that the support is, in practical effect, a 4driven travelling, belt, and, too, the fabric of course furnlshes a suitable support for the remaining layers. The paper gives an ideally smooth surface to carry the pyroxylin and so, assists in giv ing that the highly essential smoothness of surface. The pyroxylin gives a smooth surface from which the candies come vwith the desired smooth and shiny bottoms, which surface is readily cleaned, and will not absorb cocoa but-ter (which would be absorbed Again as 'to the paper, this permits theA use of coarse open-Weave, and therefor inexpensive. fabric, and, at the same time permits of a relatively thin, and therefor flexible and inexpensive layer ofrpyroxyli'n, While giving a proper surface. Tere one to coat the pyroxylin directly on to fabric then, even were it possible `with the use of a heavy coating to get the requisite surface,

the expense and lack of 'iexibility would be prohibitive. As a matter of fact, even with a heavy coating on fabric, the surface, though apparently, and to the eye, of the requisite smoothness is, in reality, not sufficiently smooth; the bot-toms of candies when held tothe light show the markings ofthe fabric.

It will be seen that We have provided a refrigerator which in cooling the coating 4provides the required smooth and shiny bottom surface, which will run for a long perlods Without the necessity of repairing its conveyor belt, and whose conveyor belt is readiy cleaned and proof against the harmful effects of cocoa butter.

A conveyor belt of the present character may be made in various ways, and, by way of example merely. may be made as follows For the textile fabric may be used cotton sheeting grey goods, 5.13 running yards of inch goods to the pound, i. e. Weighing 2.5 oz. per square yard. The paper may be Wrapping paper, 4 running yards of 45 inch goods to the pound, i. e. Weighing 3.2 oz. per squarel yard. The cementing agent for uniting the fabric and paper may be rubber cement consisting, for example, of 20 parts of crude rubber dissolved in 80 parts of- 90% benzol by Weight, and four ounces of this per running yard of the 45 inch goods, ma be used. The pyroxylin solutions for t e coating may be (1) a sizing solution comprising a clear lO- ounce jelly (10% oz. pyroxylin to the gallon of solvent) containing 1 to 2 parts by weight, preferably ll; parts, of castor oil (softener) to 1 of pyroxylin and (2) a clear 16 ounce jelly (16 oz. pyroxylin to the gallon of solvent) containing 1 to 2, preferably 1:17 parts of castor oil to l of pyroxylin. The pyroxylin solvent may be any suitable one, for example, 40 parts of ethyl acetate by Weight to parts of benzol. The total deposit of pyroxylin may be from three tol seven tenths ounce per square yard, desirably one-half ounce; the 'total deposits of solids (oil andpyroxylin), when using the one and one-half parts of oil indicated above, being about seven-tenths ounce to one and three-quarters, desirably one and one-quarter ounces persquare yard.

ln making the supportV or conveyor ma- ,"'y' terial, rubber cement is applied to eitherjshe paper or the fabric, preferably the former, and dried until tacky in any desired manner for Iexample in a machine such as is used for pyr'oxylin coatingI (if the cement is ap- 4 plied to the paper, a blanket machine is de sirable;) and then the paper and fabric are combined between pressure rolls. The paper face of the web of combined paper-andfabric body is novv coated with the pyroxylin solutions, using` for example a regular knife pyroxylin coating machine and drying after each coat. First a coat of solution 1"9 ,is applied, which sizes the paper, and then a suthcient number of coats (ejgz, lthree) of solution 2 to bringthe deposit up to the desired amount. (ln passing the body through the pyroxylin coating machine/it isdesirable to run the body with the paper sideffaced away from any axis of material bending in /order not to unduly distort the paper.) f

"When completed the material is cut to such Width as desired, for illustration 14 inches, and a length of the same suitable for the particular refrigerator in question is used in the form of an endless belt carried,

as aforesaid, on the canvas conveyor belt, as

5, and frictionally moved along therewith, with the pyroxylin coated surface forming, in practical effect, a candy-contacting surface for the canvas belt covering the same substantially from side to side. Or, if desired for any reason, a support vof the present invention may be used without the conveyor belt as 5, and be directly carried and driven by the rollers, as 10, 11, and 12, but as in the illustrated example, be passed over the nose 13a. -The joining of theV ends of the conveyor, to -makeit endless, or after insorting a repair length, may be done in any suitable manner, for example with adhesive tape applied to the fabric side of the conveyor and connecting the abutting ends.

We claim 1.,*ln a candy coating refrigerator having a refrigerating space and means for causing the travel of a candy support in said space; a candy support having a pyroxylin surface.

2. In a candy coating refrigerator having a refrigerating space and means for driving a belt-like conveyor in said space; a candy conveyor in the character of a belt having a pyroxylin candy supporting surface.

3. In a candy coating refrigerator having a refrigerating space, a major conveying belt mounted for travel in said space, and means for driving said belt g" a pyroxylinsurface candy support carried with said belt and providing a candycontacting surface for said belt.

it. ln a candy coating refrigerator having a refrigerating space and means for causing the travel of a candy support in said space; a candy support comprising textile fabric carrying f a pyroxylin candy-contacting coating.

5, In a candy coating refrigerator having .a refrigerating space and mea-ns for causing the travel of a candy support in said space; a candy support comprising textile fabric having a paper layer attached thereto and 9, pyroxylin candy-,contacting layer attached to said paper.

6. A candy support comprising a web of .textile fabric. a smooth Weave-coverin sheet textile fabric, a Sheet of paper attached' to tenths ounce of .pyroxylim together Withsaid web, and apyroxyhn candy-contacting from one to two parts of castor oil per part 10 coating comprislng pyroxyhn together with of pyroxylin, per square yard of paper sura softener attached to said paper.- face, attached to said paper.

- 10. A candy support comprising a web of In testimony whereof we affix our signateXt-ile fabric, a, sheet ofkpaperattached to tures. .i

' said web, and a pyroxyln candy-contacting I i PHILIP E. DUDLEY.

coating comprising from three sevenv HARRY BOICE. 

